6-2 Deforestation: The Human Costs

EDITOR'S NOTE - 6.2

There is a growing awareness of both the destruction of the earth's forests and their importance for all people on the planet. Most attention to date, however, has been focused on the destruction of the forest - its scope and causes - and the genetic and biotic value of the tropical forests. The demise of indigenous people is mentioned in passing, usually without reference to specific groups,…

Deforestation: The Human Costs

INTRODUCTION "Of all the environmental impacts of the study projections, deforestation probably poses the most serious problems for the world, particularly for the developing world." Global 2000 "It has been predicted that within the next 25-30 years, most of the humid tropical forest as we know it, will be transformed into unproductive land, and the deterioration of the savannah into desert will…

Bora Indian Agroforestry: An Alternative to Deforestation

Native cultivators in the Amazon have developed efficient and ecologically sound methods for making the tropical forest yield useful products. Their principal form of agriculture - shifting cultivation - has evolved into a system of land management with features worthy of careful study. Shifting cultivation essentially involves the cutting and burning of the forest to prepare a temporary…

Time Running Out for Mexico's Last Tropical Forest

Over half of the 13,000 square kilometer Lacandón Forest has been destroyed in the past 15 years by spontaneous and planned agricultural colonization, lumbering and cattle raising. If present trends continue, in as little as ten years the entire area will be deforested. Mexico's last significant tropical forest, the Selva Lacandona, located in southeastern Chiapas, is a unique and extraordinarily…

The Effects of Logging on the Batek of Malaysia

The Batek De' (a Semang group, or Malayan Negritos) numbered about 300 persons in 1981. They have lived in the watershed of the Lebir River in southeastern Kelantan since at least 1874, when they were encountered by the Russian naturalist and explorer Nicolas Miklucho-Maclay. They probably had inhabited the area for hundreds of years already. Between the late 1800s and the end of World War II,…

Navajo and Hopi Unite to Fight Relocation

Coal deposits in Big Mountain, Arizona are at the root of the present controversy surrounding U.S. policy towards Native American land claims and relocation programs in the area. In support of a 1962 federal decision establishing the tribal interests of Navajos and Hopis in Arizona, the United States is now planning to relocate some 9500 Navajos by 1986.,/P> The Indian Law Resource Center…

Kurdish Repression in Turkey

The Kurds, a group of approximately 18 million people, are the fourth largest ethnic group in the Middle East. Occupying a region of 500,000 square miles in Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey and the USSR, the Kurds are one of the most persecuted minorities of our time. Nowhere is their future more threatened than in Turkey where Kurds are one quarter of the population. Since World War I, Kurds in Turkey…

Indigenous Forest and Fish Management in the Uaupes Basin of Brazil

Introduction The Uanano Indians of the Uaupes River basin in the northwest portion of the Brazilian Amazon rain forest practice an important strategy of river management. By reserving the natural vegetation of the riparian forest for fisheries maintenance rather than deforesting the margin for agriculture as is common elsewhere, this strategy demonstrates an unusual awareness of the…

Development in the Ituri Forest of Zaire

The Ituri Forest, located in northeastern Zaire just above the equator and near the Ugandan border, is approximately 70,000 square kilometers in area. It is bounded by open savanna to the north and east and is contiguous with lowland forest on the south and west where its rivers drain into the Zaire River Basin. Situated on the lip of the basin, the altitude of the Ituri is 700-1000 meters, and…